writer
please use 300 words estimate or less to respond the 2 of the peers post using single line spacing .
Question for week 6 is
Preparing the Collaboration Café
Follow these guidelines when completing each component of the Collaboration Café. Contact your course faculty if you have questions.
Include the following sections:
Application of Course Knowledge: Answer all questions/criteria with explanations and detail.
Describe how learning about the history of research ethics impacted your view of biomedical research.
Consider the research you collected for your PICOT question. Discuss steps researchers took to protect the rights of human subjects. What additional measures would you recommend?
Describe common disparities in biomedical research. Did you find evidence of disparities in the articles you reviewed for your PICOT question? If so, what were your findings?
Engagement in Meaningful Dialogue: Engage peers by asking questions and offering new insights, applications, perspectives, information, or implications for practice:
Respond to at least one peer.
Respond to a second peer post.
Communicate using respectful, collegial language and terminology appropriate to advanced nursing practice.
Professionalism in Communication: Communicate with minimal errors in English grammar, spelling, syntax, and punctuation.
!. peer post/Erika Dance
Learning about the history of research ethics significantly influenced my view of biomedical research. Historical violations such as the Tuskegee Syphilis Study and unethical experiments conducted during World War II Human Experimentation demonstrated the serious harm that can occur when researchers fail to protect human subjects. Understanding this history has increased my appreciation for the ethical safeguards that are now required in biomedical research and reinforced the importance of protecting participants’ rights and well-being.
In reviewing research related to my PICOT question, examining the effect of a nurse practitioner (NP)-led medication adherence intervention on medication adherence and blood pressure control among adults with hypertension, I found that researchers implemented several measures to protect human subjects. Common protections included approval from an Institutional Review Board (IRB), informed consent procedures, protection of participant confidentiality, and the right of participants to withdraw from the study at any time without penalty. Researchers also minimized risks by using educational interventions and routine follow-up strategies that established little harm to participants. Additional measures I would recommend include providing study materials in multiple languages, using culturally appropriate educational resources, and implementing stronger data security protections for electronic health records and communication platforms. Researchers should also ensure that participants fully understand study procedures through teach-back methods and provide accommodation for individuals with limited health literacy.
A common disparity in biomedical research is the underrepresentation of racial and ethnic minorities, individuals with lower socioeconomic status, rural populations, older adults, and those with limited health literacy. These disparities can affect the generalizability of study findings and contribute to ongoing healthcare inequities. In the hypertension studies I reviewed, some evidence of disparities was present. Several studies reported that participants from minority populations and lower-income groups experienced lower baseline medication adherence and greater challenges with blood pressure control. However, NP-led educational and follow-up interventions appeared particularly beneficial for these populations, suggesting that targeted support may help reduce disparities in hypertension outcomes. Some studies also noted limitations related to participant diversity, indicating that further research is needed to ensure findings are applicable across broader populations.
2. Joanne Herbsman /post
a. Describe how learning about the history of research ethics impacted your view of biomedical research.
This history of healthcare research makes it clear that careful ethical supervision is of utmost importance. Historical atrocities, like medical experiments on unwilling subjects during the Nazi regime, illustrate the subjects’ vulnerability in the face of coercive dynamics of power. Likewise, the Tuskegee Syphilis Study highlighted the extreme lack of autonomy and beneficence in denying life-saving treatment to black men, given that there was a systemic bias. Also, the use of Henrietta Lacks’ cervical cells (HeLa) without her consent and privacy is a reminder that institutional advancement can be an outgrowth of individual consent and privacy. The historical injustice that emerged from these sheds light on a perspective that modern biomedical research will always need to be constantly monitored, well-informed, and have independent oversight to ensure the protection of the subjects.
b. Consider the research you collected for your PICOT question. Discuss steps researchers took to protect the rights of human subjects. What additional measures would you recommend?
Protecting human subjects is extremely important for the PICOT question relating to transitions of care for psychiatric patients, as this population is vulnerable. Researchers generally make sure to protect their participants by obtaining informed consent before they are discharged. They use encrypted communication to ensure privacy and regulatory compliance, safeguarding personal health information. Researchers respect participants autonomy by making sure that they have the option to participate in the telehealth sessions at their own choosing and without affecting their regular outpatient treatment. In order to maintain the security of the patient, researchers also create clear guidance and procedures for securely sharing clinical information with the primary outpatient providers, ensuring that any information regarding the patient’s psychiatric history remains confidential, while providing continuity of care for this patient population during this important after-discharge transition period.
Other interventions should be added to the nurse practitioner-led telehealth intervention to protect this population further. Research has to set a standard for how to conduct virtual suicide risk screenings properly. If during the telehealth encounter the patient states they have active suicidal ideational thoughts, there is a need for an immediate, pre-coordinated process of reaching out to local emergency services or mobile crisis services. Second, researchers need to conduct a strict digital privacy evaluation and make sure that patients are in a private area when they participate in the interview to avoid any third party learning about a patient’s psychiatric status.
c. Describe common disparities in biomedical research. Did you find evidence of disparities in the articles you reviewed for your PICOT question? If so, what were your findings?
Biomedical research often has a lack of diversity, such as racial minorities, low-income populations, and rural populations. A major difference that was found in the research literature searched for this PICOT question is the digital divide. Patients who are from lower socio-economic backgrounds may not have access to reliable internet access, newer technology, or be digitally literate, making it difficult to access interventions through telehealth. Also, research suggests that ethnic and linguistic minorities are underrepresented in telehealth research, perhaps because there is limited access to interpreter services on telehealth platforms. These results indicate that telehealth interventions have a promising effect on adherence to outpatient appointments, but may be potentially discriminatory to more vulnerable psychiatric patients. Researchers need to come up with different means of communicating, like telephone or affordable digital materials, that would allow learners to access the material equally.
